Work in progress — cycles are added one at a time. Every quote is machine-verified against an archived source; follow the links to read it.
| Cycle | Candidate | Issue | Position | Kind | Strength | Attribution | Ev. | Verdict |
|---|
| 1932 | Albert C. Ritchie | National Prohibition | Repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment as a matter of states' rights | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | reported | C | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Albert C. Ritchie | Federal responsibility for relief | States' rights and business-led recovery — no federal intervention in relief | pledge_forward | directional_stance | reported | C | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Alfred E. Smith | European war debts and reparations | A twenty-year moratorium on the war debts, writing them off in proportion to each nation's purchases of American goods | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | reported | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Alfred E. Smith | Overall role and scale of the federal government | War on any candidate who makes 'demagogic appeals to the masses' setting class against class | pledge_forward | directional_stance | reported | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Alfred E. Smith | National Prohibition | Outright repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment — the issue Roosevelt was downplaying | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | reported | C | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Alfred E. Smith | Tariff levels | Endorsement of the Smoot-Hawley tariff | pledge_forward | directional_stance | reported | C | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Farm prices and agricultural surplus | Restore purchasing power to the farming half of the nation | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Farm prices and agricultural surplus | Raise staple farm prices by a tariff-equivalent benefit plus voluntary production control, at no cost to the Treasury | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept? |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Planned use of land and retirement of marginal farmland | A national policy of planned land use — economic soil survey and retirement of marginal farmland | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Farm and home mortgage relief | Government assistance to keep home-owners and farm-owners from foreclosure | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Regulation of banks and securities | Separate investment banking from commercial banks; tighter national-bank supervision; faster payouts to depositors of closed banks | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Regulation of securities issuance and exchanges | Federal regulation of securities and commodity exchanges, interstate holding companies and interstate utility rates | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Regulation of securities issuance and exchanges | Require full public disclosure on all offerings of stocks and bonds | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Regulation of securities issuance and exchanges | No implied government approval of foreign bond sales; officials will not try to move stock prices | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept? |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Control of credit expansion | Prevent another runaway credit expansion through government information, not government control of credit | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | superseded |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Balancing the federal budget | Balance the federal budget annually within revenues | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | broken? |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Level of federal spending | Cut the cost of the federal government by at least 25 percent | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | reversed? |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Campaign finance and lobbying | Continuous publicity of political contributions; stronger Corrupt Practices Act; curb paid lobbies | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | A | abandoned |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Naval arms and disarmament | International agreements for the reduction of armaments | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | A | broken |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Level of military spending | An adequate Army and Navy without a near-billion-dollar peacetime burden | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | A | reversed |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Policy toward Latin America and the Western Hemisphere | Non-interference in other nations' affairs and cooperation with Western Hemisphere nations | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | International economic and monetary conferences | Convene international monetary and economic conferences to stabilize currencies and restore trade | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | broken? |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | European war debts and reparations | No cancellation of the war debts — make payment possible by restoring trade | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | superseded |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Philippine independence | Independence for the Philippines; ultimate statehood for Puerto Rico | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Adherence to the World Court | Adhere to the World Court; arbitration of disputes; consultation to enforce the Kellogg-Briand Pact | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | A | blocked |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Child welfare and schooling | Maintain the Children's Bureau; keep children in school to sixteen; expand vocational education | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | partial |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Public ownership of electric power | Public development of hydro-electric power on the St. Lawrence model, with national control of interstate transmission | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Regulation of utility rates and holding companies | Eight-point federal utility program: publicity, Federal Power Commission control of holding companies, prudent-investment rate base | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | partial |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Public ownership of electric power | The next federal hydro-electric development will be on the Columbia River | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Reforestation and land policy | Employ a million men reforesting marginal and abandoned land | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | partial |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Overall role and scale of the federal government | "A new deal for the American people" — work and security through liberal, planned government action | pledge_forward | vague_gesture | candidate_direct | A | kept? |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Overall role and scale of the federal government | Remove government from private enterprise except public works and natural resources | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | reversed? |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Overall role and scale of the federal government | Government as a check on concentrated economic power — "individualism" redefined as equality of opportunity | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Reorganization of the executive branch | Reorganize the Department of Agriculture as the machinery for national agricultural planning | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | partial |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Overall role and scale of the federal government | An "economic declaration of rights" — the right to make a living and the right to safe savings | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept? |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Reorganization of the executive branch | A long-range plan consolidating the federal government's scattered public-health and welfare agencies | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | partial |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Reorganization of the executive branch | Consolidate the seven federal farm-mortgage agencies under a single purpose | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Sickness and health insurance | Sickness insurance as a "minimum requirement" alongside old-age and unemployment insurance | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | B | abandoned |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Restriction of immigration | Continue immigration restriction to protect labor, but end abuses against individual families in enforcement | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | National economic planning | National economic planning on the model of the 1917 war mobilization | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | partial? |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Antitrust and concentration of economic power | Strengthen and impartially enforce the antitrust laws | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | A | reversed |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | National economic planning | Industry leaders to organize cooperatively for the common good; government regulates only as a last resort | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | partial? |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Public works as employment policy | Public works spending is only a stopgap, not a cure for unemployment | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | reversed |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Public works as employment policy | Expand self-sustaining public works and temporary federal work (forests, flood control, waterways), with advance planning | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Housing and slum clearance | Slum clearance and modern housing for the urban poor as a "human necessity" among public works | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | partial |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Public works as employment policy | 'Employment for all surplus labor at all times' through self-liquidating public works (the Shearon letter, as Hoover read it) | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | opponent_characterization | B | partial? |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Distribution of national income and purchasing power | A more equitable distribution of national income — higher reward to labor, lower to speculative capital | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | partial? |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Working hours and labor standards | Spread employment by substantially reducing hours of labor, starting in government service | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Child labor | No return to sweatshops or children working in factories | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Public employment offices | A federally coordinated system of state employment offices (the vetoed Wagner bill) | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Restoring the commodity price level (reflation) | Restore commodity prices toward their former dollar value rather than write down all debts | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Gold standard and currency basis | A sound currency preserved at all hazards | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | reversed? |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | National Prohibition | Repeal the Eighteenth Amendment by state conventions; legalize beer now; states control liquor and bar the saloon | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Federal responsibility for relief | Federal leadership in distress relief — federal credit to states whose resources are exhausted | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Old-age pensions and social insurance | Old-age insurance under state laws | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Unemployment insurance | Unemployment insurance under state laws | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Income and inheritance tax progressivity | Raise revenue by graduated income, inheritance and profits taxes, not taxes on necessities | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | partial |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Local government consolidation and the tax burden on land | Presidential leadership to consolidate local governments and lift the tax burden on land | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Tariff levels | Revise the tariff downward through reciprocal trade agreements | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Tariff levels | A "competitive" tariff set through a scientific Tariff Commission, with anti-log-rolling rules and a public counsel | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | superseded |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Railroad regulation and consolidation | Six-point railroad program — conditional federal support, receivership reform, ICC regulation of trucks and holding companies, consolidation | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | partial |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Benefits for disabled and service-connected veterans | Full justice and generosity for veterans disabled by actual wartime service — silence on the bonus | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | A | partial? |
| 1932 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Veterans' bonus and benefits | No early payment of the veterans' bonus until the budget is balanced with a cash surplus | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | blocked |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Farm prices and agricultural surplus | Farm prices can be restored only by general recovery and markets — no production control, no subsidies; repeal Farm Board stabilization | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Planned use of land and retirement of marginal farmland | Support a sound program to divert land from unprofitable to profitable use | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Short-term and marketing credit for agriculture | Restore short-term farm credit through the new agricultural credit corporations, RFC loans to processors and financing of export sales | defense_of_record | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Regulation of banks and securities | Reform the banking laws; stop credit flowing to speculation; relieve depositors of closed banks | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Farm and home mortgage relief | The Federal Home Loan Bank system to stop home foreclosures and finance new homes | defense_of_record | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Federal guarantee of bank deposits | Oppose a federal guarantee of bank deposits | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Regulation of banks and securities | The RFC and the 'shield of Government credit' saved 5,000 institutions and must continue — but no direct government lending to everyone | defense_of_record | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Farm and home mortgage relief | Reorganize and enlarge the Federal Land Banks to refinance farm mortgages; curb Joint Stock Land Bank abuses | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Regulation of securities issuance and exchanges | No federal 'blue sky' law — securities regulation belongs to the states, and the President should not police booms | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Level of federal spending | Cut federal spending $1.5 billion below fiscal 1932 and reorganize the executive branch | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Balancing the federal budget | A balanced budget as 'the foundation of all public and private financial stability' | defense_of_record | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Equal rights and opportunity for Black Americans | Maintain equal opportunity and rights for Negro citizens | pledge_forward | vague_gesture | party_platform | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Civil service and patronage | Keep the merit system 'unassailable' | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Federal action against organized crime and narcotics | Rigid federal penal laws against gangsters, racketeers and kidnappers; relentless war on narcotics | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Naval arms and disarmament | Cut world armaments by one-third through the Geneva conference while keeping forces strong enough that 'no foreign soldier will land' | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Policy toward Latin America and the Western Hemisphere | Withdraw the Marines from Nicaragua after the 1932 election and from Haiti under the Forbes Commission plan; 'no imperialistic ambitions' | defense_of_record | specific_pledge | party_platform | A | kept |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Adherence to the World Court | Join the World Court with reservations; make the Kellogg-Briand Pact an instrument for consultation — but no commitments to use force | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | International economic and monetary conferences | A world economic conference on monetary stabilization and trade, with an agricultural representative | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | European war debts and reparations | The 1931 German moratorium and standstill agreements stemmed European collapse and will be built upon | defense_of_record | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | superseded |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Non-recognition of territorial gains by aggression (Stimson Doctrine) | Never recognize territory gained in violation of the peace pacts (the Stimson Doctrine) | defense_of_record | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | European war debts and reparations | No cancellation of war debts; apply any annual payment to opening foreign markets for American farm products | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Philippine independence | Gradual Philippine independence — economic independence first, with duty-free sugar cut from 600,000 tons downward every year | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | blocked |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Child welfare and schooling | Federal aid to states for child protection and health; continued White House conferences on children, homes and illiteracy | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Public ownership of electric power | Federal regulation of interstate power; opposition to government operation of the power business | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Conservation of natural resources | Conserve natural resources, including antitrust revision to end waste in oil, coal and timber | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Overall role and scale of the federal government | Preserve 'ordered freedom' and equality of opportunity; reject a state-controlled or state-directed economy as 'tyranny' | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Independence of the Supreme Court | Preserve the independence of the Supreme Court from party control | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Restriction of immigration | Continue the executive order practically prohibiting immigration except relatives of residents | defense_of_record | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Public works as employment policy | Ratify the St. Lawrence seaway treaty and complete the inland waterway system | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Public works as employment policy | Federal construction at three times normal and $1.5 billion of RFC loans for self-liquidating works — but no pork-barrel or non-productive projects | defense_of_record | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Right to organize and bargain collectively | Collective bargaining by representatives of the employees' own choice, 'without the interference of any one' | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Public employment offices | Commend and continue the enlarged United States Employment Service | defense_of_record | directional_stance | party_platform | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Maintenance of wage levels in depression | Uphold wages and spread work by voluntary agreement of employers and labor; shorter hours in government service | defense_of_record | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Gold standard and currency basis | Hold the gold standard and the 'honest dollar'; no fiat money, no 'rubber dollar' price-fixing | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | National Prohibition | Resubmit the Eighteenth Amendment so each state may decide, with constitutional guarantees against the saloon and against interference with dry states; enforce the law meanwhile | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | superseded |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Federal responsibility for relief | Relief through voluntary mobilization and local responsibility, with RFC loans to exhausted states — no federal dole | defense_of_record | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Local government consolidation and the tax burden on land | A national review of federal-state-local taxation to relieve farms and homes of property taxes | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Tariff levels | Preserve the bipartisan Tariff Commission's flexible power to adjust rates without congressional log-rolling | defense_of_record | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Tariff levels | Unconditional most-favored-nation treatment; no reciprocal bargains or preferences | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Tariff levels | Maintain — and if necessary widen — the protective tariff; reject the Democratic 'competitive tariff for revenue' | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Railroad regulation and consolidation | Revise the railway transportation laws for stability, while RFC loans avert receiverships | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Benefits for disabled and service-connected veterans | Full relief for service-disabled veterans and dependents; review existing veterans' laws to remove inequalities and effect economies | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Herbert Hoover | Veterans' bonus and benefits | Oppose cash prepayment of the veterans' bonus, especially by fiat money | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | John Nance Garner | Regulation of banks and securities | RFC loans to individuals and corporations generally — 'the Government into personal banking' (the Rainey bill) | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | opponent_characterization | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | John Nance Garner | Public works as employment policy | The Garner-Rainey $1.2 billion public-works bill — and a pledge to reintroduce it | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | opponent_characterization | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | John Nance Garner | Veterans' bonus and benefits | The Patman cash bonus and $2.3 billion of greenbacks, passed by the House under his speakership | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | opponent_characterization | C | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Newton D. Baker | European war debts and reparations | Entry into the World Court and cancellation of the war debts (the record that made him 'politically unpopular') | pledge_forward | directional_stance | reported | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Newton D. Baker | League of Nations and international organizations | Do not make the League of Nations a party issue; no entry until a majority of Americans approve | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | Farm and home mortgage relief | Government aid to farmers and small home-owners against foreclosure and tax sales; moratorium on interest debated | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | Equal rights and opportunity for Black Americans | Economic, political and legal equality for the Negro; a federal anti-lynching law; enforce the First Amendment | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | European war debts and reparations | Cancel the war debts (against cancellation of reparations) and raze the tariff wall | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | League of Nations and international organizations | Join the League and World Court; lead general disarmament; free the Philippines; withdraw from Nicaragua, Haiti and China; recognize the Soviet Union | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | Independence of the Supreme Court | A Workers' Rights Amendment; curb the Supreme Court's power over Congress; proportional representation; direct election of the President | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | Sickness and health insurance | National health insurance | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | Public ownership of major industries | Transfer the principal industries — banking, natural resources, utilities — to social ownership by compensation, not confiscation | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | Public works as employment policy | A $5 billion federal public-works program — roads, reforestation, slum clearance, workers' housing — and idle factories and land turned over to the unemployed | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | Child labor | Abolition of child labor | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | Working hours and labor standards | The six-hour day and five-day week without reduction in wages | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | National Prohibition | Repeal the Eighteenth Amendment — the candidate preferring a binding national referendum | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | Unemployment insurance | Compulsory unemployment insurance funded by employers and by higher income and inheritance taxes | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | Federal responsibility for relief | A $5 billion federal appropriation for immediate relief of those in need | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | Old-age pensions and social insurance | Old-age pensions for men and women sixty and over | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1932 | Norman Thomas | Income and inheritance tax progressivity | Steeply increased income and inheritance taxes | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Farm prices and agricultural surplus | Cash benefits on the domestically consumed portion of export crops to make the tariff effective, limited to the family-type farm; no scarcity program, no processing tax | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Crop insurance and storage reserves | Give crop insurance 'the fullest attention' | pledge_forward | vague_gesture | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Drought and disaster relief for farmers | Pay every outstanding AAA check and continue drought relief checks and seed loans | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | On-farm storage, warehouse receipts and commodity credit | Amend the warehousing act so grain stored on the farm earns a federal warehouse receipt and bank credit | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Regulation of securities issuance and exchanges | Keep federal regulation of securities marketing and interstate utilities, vested in independent tribunals under definite standards subject to court review | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Balancing the federal budget | Balance the budget by cutting expenditures, not by raising taxes | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Equal rights and opportunity for Black Americans | Equal opportunity for colored citizens: protect their economic status and personal safety; further their employment | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Civil service and patronage | Restore, improve and extend the merit system 'virtually destroyed by New Deal spoilsmen' | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | European war debts and reparations | Use every effort to collect the war debts due from foreign countries | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Teachers' loyalty oaths and academic freedom | No loyalty oath for teachers that is not required of all citizens | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | reported | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Conservation of natural resources | Real soil conservation and a national land-use and flood-prevention program run with the States and 'out of politics' | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Overall role and scale of the federal government | Restore confidence by 'unshackling initiative': steady, open, non-partisan administration that stops 'fumbling with recovery' | pledge_forward | vague_gesture | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Reorganization of the executive branch | Cooperate with Congress to reorganize agencies, abolish unnecessary ones and eliminate duplication | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Amending the Constitution to enlarge (or restrain) federal power | Wages, hours and child labor by State law and interstate compact -- and a constitutional amendment giving the States power if the courts forbid | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Independence of the Supreme Court | An independent Supreme Court secure from executive or legislative invasion; maintain the balance between States and nation | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Antitrust and concentration of economic power | Use the full power of the federal government to break up private monopolies and enforce the antitrust laws 'without fear or favor' | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | National economic planning | End federal regimentation: no revival of NRA or AAA controls, no more emergency powers over production, wages and hours | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Flood control and river-basin development | Federal construction of head-water storage basins to prevent floods, with the consent of the States concerned | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Right to organize and bargain collectively | Labor's right to organize in any union it prefers, free from coercion by employer, fellow employee or anyone else; organizers' lawful activity protected | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Right to organize and bargain collectively | Government as umpire and mediator; develop conciliation instead of rushing disputes to the President's doorstep | pledge_forward | vague_gesture | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Gold standard and currency basis | Sound currency 'at all hazards'; no further devaluation; repeal the laws delegating the money power to the Executive | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Politics and patronage in relief administration | Relief will continue, but purged of politics, administered locally on merit, with economies taken from 'the political exploiters' | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | How to finance old-age and unemployment insurance (contributory reserve vs. pay-as-you-go) | Repeal the compulsory old-age insurance plan; pay every needy citizen over 65 a pension from a direct, widely distributed tax | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Unemployment insurance | Leave unemployment insurance to State experiment; no federal tax to compel it | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Federal youth work and education programs (CCC, NYA) | Continue the Civilian Conservation Corps, add education fitting enrollees for private jobs, and take the politicians out of its administration | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Executive reciprocal trade agreements (1934 Act) | Repeal the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act; return treaty power to the Senate and tariff-making to Congress | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Tariff levels | Protect the farmer against imports of livestock, dairy and farm products; keep non-competing goods on the free list | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Alf Landon | Neutrality, arms embargoes and staying out of foreign wars | Promote peace by all honorable means; no League, no World Court, no plan that could involve the U.S. in a war it had no part in beginning | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Earl Browder | Communism, radicalism and "alien isms" as a political issue | Popular Front: nominal opposition to Roosevelt, real opposition to Landon and 'fascism' | pledge_forward | vague_gesture | reported | C | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Frank Knox | Balancing the federal budget | A budget balanced immediately and a currency based on and convertible into gold | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | reported | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Frank Knox | Overall role and scale of the federal government | Fair, honest, economical and efficient government; preserve free enterprise against 'amateur economic planners' | pledge_forward | vague_gesture | candidate_direct | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Frank Knox | Amending the Constitution to enlarge (or restrain) federal power | New federal activities only when legalized by constitutional amendment -- 'the horse and buggy method' | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Frank Knox | How to finance old-age and unemployment insurance (contributory reserve vs. pay-as-you-go) | The Social Security Act is 'unworkable and unsound' -- 'lip service to security'; a Republican administration would offer its own legislation | pledge_forward | directional_stance | reported | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Farm prices and agricultural surplus | Continue soil conservation and domestic allotment payments; end ruinous surpluses; commodity loans on seasonal surpluses | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Farm tenancy and access to land ownership | A definite reduction of farm tenancy; refinance farm debt at low rates over long terms | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | partial |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Crop insurance and storage reserves | Crop insurance and a stable food supply | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Farm and home mortgage relief | Low interest rates, sounder home financing, better banking | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept? |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Balancing the federal budget | Balance the budget within a year or two out of rising national income, without new taxes | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | broken? |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Level of federal spending | Reduce the expenses of government as relief needs decline | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | A | broken? |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Level of federal spending | Defense of the eight-billion-dollar deficit as an investment in America | defense_of_record | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Civil service and patronage | Immediately extend the merit system to all non-policy-making federal positions | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | party_platform | A | partial |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Policy toward Latin America and the Western Hemisphere | The Good Neighbor: no armed intervention, no territorial expansion, reduction of armaments | defense_of_record | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Who deserves credit for recovery (defense of record) | Recovery came from raising purchasing power at the bottom, not 'trickle down' | defense_of_record | vague_gesture | candidate_direct | A | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Communism, radicalism and "alien isms" as a political issue | Repudiate Communist support; the New Deal is the answer to Communism, not its ally | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Public ownership of electric power | Cheaper electricity and rural electrification by the 'yardstick' method | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Amending the Constitution to enlarge (or restrain) federal power | Meet constitutional obstacles by 'clarifying amendment' -- and say nothing about the Supreme Court | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | B | broken? |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Antitrust and concentration of economic power | Vigorously enforce the antitrust laws and restore their efficacy against new corporate devices | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Concentrated economic power vs. the average citizen (rhetorical framing) | Take power from the 'economic royalists': the mandate of 1932 is to end economic tyranny | pledge_forward | vague_gesture | candidate_direct | A | partial? |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Concentrated economic power vs. the average citizen (rhetorical framing) | 'I welcome their hatred': a second term in which organized money meets its master | pledge_forward | vague_gesture | candidate_direct | A | broken? |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Flood control and river-basin development | Continue drought and flood aid and a nation-wide flood-control and water-conservation policy | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Housing and slum clearance | Extend the federal housing program toward adequate housing for those in slums; encourage private building | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Right to organize and bargain collectively | Guard the worker's right to organize and bargain collectively | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Working hours and labor standards | Shorter hours, higher wages, end child labor and sweatshops | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Working hours and labor standards | Revive the NRA's principles 'by one device or another' (imputed; the President would not say) | pledge_forward | directional_stance | imputed_uncorrected | C | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Gold standard and currency basis | A permanently sound currency stabilized against wide fluctuations | pledge_forward | directional_stance | party_platform | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Old-age pensions and social insurance | Build on the Social Security Act toward economic security for all | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Direct relief for the unemployed | Provide useful work at prevailing wages for the needy unemployed rather than a dole | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Federal youth work and education programs (CCC, NYA) | Continue help for young people to obtain an education and a chance to use it | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | How to finance old-age and unemployment insurance (contributory reserve vs. pay-as-you-go) | Defense of the payroll-tax financing: the employer pays an equal share and the reserves are safe | defense_of_record | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | partial? |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Income and inheritance tax progressivity | Defense of the undistributed-profits tax as a loophole-closer; correct imperfections if found | defense_of_record | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | abandoned |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Income and inheritance tax progressivity | Taxes levied according to ability to pay; lower taxes for 99 percent, higher at the top | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | partial? |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Executive reciprocal trade agreements (1934 Act) | Continue the reciprocal trade agreements to lower barriers against American exports | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | candidate_direct | A | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Benefits for disabled and service-connected veterans | Continue just treatment of war veterans and dependents | pledge_forward | vague_gesture | party_platform | B | kept |
| 1936 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Neutrality, arms embargoes and staying out of foreign wars | Keep the United States out of war: true neutrality, take the profits out of war, no political commitments | pledge_forward | directional_stance | candidate_direct | A | partial? |
| 1936 | Huey P. Long | Distribution of national income and purchasing power | Share Our Wealth: cap fortunes, guarantee every family a homestead and income | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | reported | C | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Norman Thomas | Communism, radicalism and "alien isms" as a political issue | Keep the Socialist vote independent; chide the La Follettes for handing Roosevelt 'everything on a silver platter' | pledge_forward | directional_stance | reported | C | not_applicable |
| 1936 | Norman Thomas | Public ownership of major industries | The New Deal 'has not worked'; build the cooperative commonwealth | pledge_forward | vague_gesture | reported | C | not_applicable |
| 1936 | William E. Borah | Federal anti-lynching legislation | Oppose the Wagner-Costigan federal anti-lynching bill as unconstitutional; attack party leaders who promise it | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | reported | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | William E. Borah | Antitrust and concentration of economic power | Drive monopoly and price fixing out of the system or face governmental regimentation | pledge_forward | directional_stance | reported | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | William Lemke | Farm and home mortgage relief | Refinance farm mortgages through the Frazier-Lemke plan (government-issued credit at low interest) | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | reported | C | not_applicable |
| 1936 | William Lemke | Minimum wages | A 'living annual wage' -- $1,800 for a family of five -- by federal law and a constitutional amendment if necessary | pledge_forward | specific_pledge | surrogate | B | not_applicable |
| 1936 | William Lemke | Public control of the central bank and money creation | 'Drive the money changers out of the temple': public control of money and credit, further inflation of the currency | pledge_forward | vague_gesture | surrogate | C | not_applicable |
| 1936 | William Lemke | Old-age pensions and social insurance | The Townsend $200-a-month pension as a plank of the Union coalition | pledge_forward | vague_gesture | reported | C | not_applicable |