PresidentialPositionsIssuesReceptionTimelineDocuments

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1932 › Franklin D. Roosevelt (Democratic) › Railroad regulation and consolidation

Six-point railroad program — conditional federal support, receivership reform, ICC regulation of trucks and holding companies, consolidation

pledge_forwardspecific_pledgecandidate_directevidence A Banking & FinanceIndustry, Business & RegulationTransportation⚡ The Great Depression similar solutions · similar reasoning

Solution

(1) Government support for a specified period, conditioned on scaling down top-heavy fixed charges, planned jointly by the RFC and ICC under a national transportation policy; (2) overhaul federal railroad and utility receivership law; (3) ICC regulation of competing motor carriers; (4) relieve the ICC of enforcing competition where traffic cannot support it; (5) press lawful consolidations to conclusion; (6) put railroad holding companies under ICC control. Continue lending to avert receiverships, but as a stop-gap.

Rationale

Railroads are owned indirectly by thirty million savers and policyholders; untaxed, unregulated truck competition on public highways and enforced rail competition are bankrupting them; Hoover's remedy — more RFC credit — merely increases fixed charges and "makes the day of reckoning more tragic."

Statements (7)

1932-09-17 · Campaign address on railroads, Salt Lake City, Utah · generalcandidate_direct ✓ verified
First: that the Government announce its intention to stand back of the railroads for a specified period, help of the Government being definitely conditioned upon acceptance by the railroads of such requirements as may in individual cases be found necessary to readjust top-heavy financial structures that are strangled half to death today, through appropriate scaling down of fixed charges.
1932-09-17 · Campaign address on railroads, Salt Lake City, Utah · generalcandidate_direct ✓ verified
Second: To aid in the rehabilitation of roads which are unable to meet the present unprecedented strain or which may succumb to past or future mismanagement, I propose a thorough overhauling of the Federal laws respecting railroad receiverships and indeed of all kinds of public utility receiverships.
1932-09-17 · Campaign address on railroads, Salt Lake City, Utah · generalcandidate_direct ✓ verified
Third: I advocate the regulation by the Interstate Commerce Commission of competing motor carriers.
1932-09-17 · Campaign address on railroads, Salt Lake City, Utah · generalcandidate_direct ✓ verified
Fifth: After many long years of getting nowhere, the proposed consolidations of railroads, which are lawful and in the public interest, should be pressed to a conclusion.
1932-09-17 · Campaign address on railroads, Salt Lake City, Utah · generalcandidate_direct ✓ verified
Sixth: So-called "railroad holding companies" must be definitely put under the regulation and control of the Interstate Commerce Commission in like manner as railroads themselves
1932-09-17 · Campaign address on railroads, Salt Lake City, Utah · generalcandidate_direct ✓ verified
If elected, of course I shall continue the policy of trying to prevent receiverships. But I do not believe that it is more than a stop-gap just to lend money and more money.
1932-10-21 · Campaign address on the eight credit groups, St. Louis · generalcandidate_direct ✓ verified
I made it a cardinal point in my railroad address that the railroads should be freed from certain destructive competition and that the Government should undertake for a specified period to see the railroads through, provided they put their own houses in order.

Follow-through

partial

The Emergency Railroad Transportation Act (June 16, 1933) put railroad holding companies under the ICC and created a Federal Coordinator of Transportation (Eastman); Section 77 bankruptcy reform had been signed by Hoover on March 3, 1933; the Motor Carrier Act (August 1935) brought trucks and buses under the ICC. Consolidations were not pressed and the Coordinator lapsed in 1936; RFC lending continued.

Mechanisms

DateTypeNameEffectConsistent?Source
1933-05-04messageMessage on emergency railroad legislation
Second, railway holding companies should be placed definitely under the regulation and control of the Interstate Commerce Commission in like manner as the railways themselves.
yesMessage to Congress on Emergency Railroad Legislation.
1933-06-16statuteEmergency Railroad Transportation Act
Third, as a temporary emergency measure, I suggest the creation of a Federal Coordinator of Transportation who, working with groups of railroads, will be able to encourage, promote or require action on the part of carriers, in order to avoid duplication of service, prevent waste, and encourage financial reorganizations.
yesMessage to Congress on Emergency Railroad Legislation.
1935-08-09statuteMotor Carrier ActICC regulation of motor carriers — the Salt Lake City third point.yesStatement on Signing the Motor Carrier Act.

Assessments

partial Franklin D. Roosevelt — Message to Congress on Emergency Railroad Legislation.

Holding-company control, coordination and motor-carrier regulation were enacted; consolidation and receivership reform under the new administration were limited.

Other positions on this issue

1932-fdr-railroad-rehabilitation-program · created by claude-fable-5-1 · review: unreviewed