PresidentialPositionsIssuesReceptionTimelineDocuments

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1932 › Franklin D. Roosevelt (Democratic) › Veterans' bonus and benefits

No early payment of the veterans' bonus until the budget is balanced with a cash surplus

pledge_forwardspecific_pledgecandidate_directevidence A Federal Budget & SpendingVeterans⚡ Bonus Army march and eviction similar solutions · similar reasoning

Solution

Do not consider anticipating payment of the adjusted-service bonus while the government runs deficits; only after "a balanced budget, not only on paper, but with a surplus of cash in the treasury."

Rationale

A government "running behind two billion dollars annually" cannot add $2.3 billion of debt; Coolidge's charge that Roosevelt had been silent is "baseless" because the April statement was widely published.

Roosevelt's only campaign statement on the bonus quotes his own April 1932 remark; he otherwise avoided the issue and never addressed the Bonus Army eviction directly.

Statements (2)

1932-10-19 · Campaign address on the federal budget, Forbes Field, Pittsburgh · generalcandidate_directto Pittsburgh crowd; national radio audience ✓ verified
I do not see how, as a matter of practical sense, a Government running behind two billion dollars annually can consider the anticipation of bonus payment until it has a balanced budget, not only on paper, but with a surplus of cash in the treasury.
1932-10-19 · Campaign address on the federal budget, Forbes Field, Pittsburgh · generalcandidate_direct ✓ verified
No one, for political purposes or otherwise, has the right in the absence of explicit statement from me to assume that my views have changed. They have not.

Follow-through

blocked

Roosevelt kept the pledge personally: he cut veterans' benefits in the Economy Act, vetoed the Patman bonus bill in person before a joint session (May 22, 1935) and vetoed the 1936 bill; Congress overrode the second veto on January 27, 1936 and $1.9 billion in bonds was paid in June 1936 with the budget still unbalanced.

Mechanisms

DateTypeNameEffectConsistent?Source
1935-05-22vetoVeto of the Patman bonus bill (address to joint session)Sustained by the Senate.yesAddress Before a Joint Session of the Congress on the Veto of the Bonus Bill
1936-01-24vetoVeto of the soldiers' bonusOverridden by both houses.yesVeto of the Soldiers' Bonus.
1936-01-27statuteAdjusted Compensation Payment Act (over veto)Bonus paid in June 1936.noStatement on the Payment of the Soldiers' Bonus.

Obstruction

congress Override of the January 1936 veto in an election year. source

Assessments

blocked Franklin D. Roosevelt — Statement on the Payment of the Soldiers' Bonus.

Congress overrode the veto; the President's position was consistent with the campaign statement.

Reception (5)

editorialaccuratesalience medium Indianapolis Times (Scripps-Howard) 1932-10-20

Roosevelt, unlike Hoover, favors adequate unemployment relief; on the bonus he deserves credit but remains open to the charge that he would pay it once the budget balances.

Until he makes that compaction Roosevelt will remain open to the charge that he favors a blanket cash bonus when the federal budget is balanced.
editorialaccuratesalience medium Boston Herald (Republican), via Literary Digest 1932-10-29

Roosevelt's bonus statement was late, indirect and timid compared with Hoover's; a position forced by expediency, not conviction.

the difference be- tween the Hoover and the Roosevelt statements on the bonus is the difference between courage and timidity, timeliness and lateness, directness and indirectness.
editorialaccuratesalience medium Des Moines Tribune (Republican), via Literary Digest 1932-10-29

Roosevelt spoke tardily and evasively on the bonus, committing to nothing except a balanced budget before payment.

the Governor has spoken, tho tardily, and a trifle evasively, since he does not commit himself on anything except that he wants a balanced budget before a bonus payment.
oppositiondistortedsalience medium Secretary of the Treasury Ogden Mills, via Literary Digest 1932-10-29

Roosevelt evaded the bonus issue; his statement is not courageous.

Mills flatly declares that Mr. Roosevelt 'evaded the bonus issue.'
editorialaccuratesalience high New York World-Telegram (Scripps-Howard), via Literary Digest 1932-10-29

Roosevelt opposes the bonus only because the Treasury cannot afford it, leaving the inference that the demand is just and would be met once the budget balances.

for it leaves the inference that the bonus demand is just, and that only the present Treasury deficit prevents meeting the demand.

Other positions on this issue

1932-fdr-oppose-bonus-until-budget-balanced · created by claude-fable-5-1 · review: unreviewed