PresidentialPositionsIssuesReceptionTimelineDocuments

Work in progress — cycles are added one at a time. Every quote is machine-verified against an archived source; follow the links to read it.

A budget balanced immediately and a currency based on and convertible into gold — Frank Knox, 1936

Similar by solution solution · rationale

ScoreCycleCandidateIssuePosition
0.551932Herbert HooverBalancing the federal budgetA balanced budget as 'the foundation of all public and private financial stability'
0.541932Franklin D. RooseveltVeterans' bonus and benefitsNo early payment of the veterans' bonus until the budget is balanced with a cash surplus
0.541932Franklin D. RooseveltBalancing the federal budgetBalance the federal budget annually within revenues
0.531932Herbert HooverGold standard and currency basisHold the gold standard and the 'honest dollar'; no fiat money, no 'rubber dollar' price-fixing
0.501936Alf LandonBalancing the federal budgetBalance the budget by cutting expenditures, not by raising taxes
0.491936Alf LandonGold standard and currency basisSound currency 'at all hazards'; no further devaluation; repeal the laws delegating the money power to the Executive
0.481936Franklin D. RooseveltGold standard and currency basisA permanently sound currency stabilized against wide fluctuations
0.471932Franklin D. RooseveltGold standard and currency basisA sound currency preserved at all hazards
0.461936William LemkePublic control of the central bank and money creation'Drive the money changers out of the temple': public control of money and credit, further inflation of the currency
0.451936Franklin D. RooseveltBalancing the federal budgetBalance the budget within a year or two out of rising national income, without new taxes
0.451932Franklin D. RooseveltRestoring the commodity price level (reflation)Restore commodity prices toward their former dollar value rather than write down all debts
0.421936Alf LandonFarm prices and agricultural surplusCash benefits on the domestically consumed portion of export crops to make the tariff effective, limited to the family-type farm; no scarcity program, no processing tax
0.411936Huey P. LongDistribution of national income and purchasing powerShare Our Wealth: cap fortunes, guarantee every family a homestead and income
0.401932Franklin D. RooseveltFarm prices and agricultural surplusRaise staple farm prices by a tariff-equivalent benefit plus voluntary production control, at no cost to the Treasury
0.391932Herbert HooverVeterans' bonus and benefitsOppose cash prepayment of the veterans' bonus, especially by fiat money
0.391932Franklin D. RooseveltInternational economic and monetary conferencesConvene international monetary and economic conferences to stabilize currencies and restore trade
0.381936Franklin D. RooseveltFarm and home mortgage reliefLow interest rates, sounder home financing, better banking
0.381932Herbert HooverEuropean war debts and reparationsNo cancellation of war debts; apply any annual payment to opening foreign markets for American farm products
0.371932Herbert HooverFarm prices and agricultural surplusFarm prices can be restored only by general recovery and markets — no production control, no subsidies; repeal Farm Board stabilization
0.371936Franklin D. RooseveltFarm prices and agricultural surplusContinue soil conservation and domestic allotment payments; end ruinous surpluses; commodity loans on seasonal surpluses
0.371936Franklin D. RooseveltConcentrated economic power vs. the average citizen (rhetorical framing)Take power from the 'economic royalists': the mandate of 1932 is to end economic tyranny
0.371932Franklin D. RooseveltRegulation of utility rates and holding companiesEight-point federal utility program: publicity, Federal Power Commission control of holding companies, prudent-investment rate base
0.371932Franklin D. RooseveltOverall role and scale of the federal governmentGovernment as a check on concentrated economic power — "individualism" redefined as equality of opportunity
0.361936Franklin D. RooseveltLevel of federal spendingDefense of the eight-billion-dollar deficit as an investment in America
0.361932Alfred E. SmithEuropean war debts and reparationsA twenty-year moratorium on the war debts, writing them off in proportion to each nation's purchases of American goods