PresidentialPositionsIssuesReceptionTimelineDocuments

Work in progress — cycles are added one at a time. Every quote is machine-verified against an archived source; follow the links to read it.

Adhere to the World Court; arbitration of disputes; consultation to enforce the Kellogg-Briand Pact — Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1932

Similar by rationale solution · rationale

ScoreCycleCandidateIssuePosition
0.401936Frank KnoxOverall role and scale of the federal governmentFair, honest, economical and efficient government; preserve free enterprise against 'amateur economic planners'
0.391932Newton D. BakerEuropean war debts and reparationsEntry into the World Court and cancellation of the war debts (the record that made him 'politically unpopular')
0.371936Franklin D. RooseveltLevel of federal spendingDefense of the eight-billion-dollar deficit as an investment in America
0.311936Alf LandonTariff levelsProtect the farmer against imports of livestock, dairy and farm products; keep non-competing goods on the free list
0.311932Herbert HooverPolicy toward Latin America and the Western HemisphereWithdraw the Marines from Nicaragua after the 1932 election and from Haiti under the Forbes Commission plan; 'no imperialistic ambitions'
0.291932Herbert HooverVeterans' bonus and benefitsOppose cash prepayment of the veterans' bonus, especially by fiat money
0.271936Franklin D. RooseveltConcentrated economic power vs. the average citizen (rhetorical framing)Take power from the 'economic royalists': the mandate of 1932 is to end economic tyranny
0.271932Herbert HooverLevel of federal spendingCut federal spending $1.5 billion below fiscal 1932 and reorganize the executive branch
0.261932Franklin D. RooseveltVeterans' bonus and benefitsNo early payment of the veterans' bonus until the budget is balanced with a cash surplus
0.251932Herbert HooverFederal action against organized crime and narcoticsRigid federal penal laws against gangsters, racketeers and kidnappers; relentless war on narcotics
0.241932Franklin D. RooseveltOverall role and scale of the federal government"A new deal for the American people" — work and security through liberal, planned government action
0.241932Franklin D. RooseveltBalancing the federal budgetBalance the federal budget annually within revenues
0.241932Herbert HooverTariff levelsMaintain — and if necessary widen — the protective tariff; reject the Democratic 'competitive tariff for revenue'
0.231932Franklin D. RooseveltPolicy toward Latin America and the Western HemisphereNon-interference in other nations' affairs and cooperation with Western Hemisphere nations
0.231932Franklin D. RooseveltPublic works as employment policy'Employment for all surplus labor at all times' through self-liquidating public works (the Shearon letter, as Hoover read it)
0.231936Earl BrowderCommunism, radicalism and "alien isms" as a political issuePopular Front: nominal opposition to Roosevelt, real opposition to Landon and 'fascism'
0.231936Franklin D. RooseveltIncome and inheritance tax progressivityTaxes levied according to ability to pay; lower taxes for 99 percent, higher at the top
0.221932Alfred E. SmithNational ProhibitionOutright repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment — the issue Roosevelt was downplaying
0.221932Franklin D. RooseveltOverall role and scale of the federal governmentGovernment as a check on concentrated economic power — "individualism" redefined as equality of opportunity
0.221936Norman ThomasCommunism, radicalism and "alien isms" as a political issueKeep the Socialist vote independent; chide the La Follettes for handing Roosevelt 'everything on a silver platter'
0.211936Franklin D. RooseveltBalancing the federal budgetBalance the budget within a year or two out of rising national income, without new taxes
0.211932Franklin D. RooseveltFederal responsibility for reliefFederal leadership in distress relief — federal credit to states whose resources are exhausted
0.201932Herbert HooverRegulation of banks and securitiesThe RFC and the 'shield of Government credit' saved 5,000 institutions and must continue — but no direct government lending to everyone
0.201932Norman ThomasEqual rights and opportunity for Black AmericansEconomic, political and legal equality for the Negro; a federal anti-lynching law; enforce the First Amendment
0.201936Franklin D. RooseveltAntitrust and concentration of economic powerVigorously enforce the antitrust laws and restore their efficacy against new corporate devices