PresidentialPositionsIssuesReceptionTimelineDocuments

Work in progress — cycles are added one at a time. Every quote is machine-verified against an archived source; follow the links to read it.

Preserve the independence of the Supreme Court from party control — Herbert Hoover, 1932

Similar by solution solution · rationale

ScoreCycleCandidateIssuePosition
0.601936Alf LandonIndependence of the Supreme CourtAn independent Supreme Court secure from executive or legislative invasion; maintain the balance between States and nation
0.551932Norman ThomasIndependence of the Supreme CourtA Workers' Rights Amendment; curb the Supreme Court's power over Congress; proportional representation; direct election of the President
0.541932Herbert HooverNational ProhibitionResubmit the Eighteenth Amendment so each state may decide, with constitutional guarantees against the saloon and against interference with dry states; enforce the law meanwhile
0.541936Franklin D. RooseveltAmending the Constitution to enlarge (or restrain) federal powerMeet constitutional obstacles by 'clarifying amendment' -- and say nothing about the Supreme Court
0.481936Alf LandonAmending the Constitution to enlarge (or restrain) federal powerWages, hours and child labor by State law and interstate compact -- and a constitutional amendment giving the States power if the courts forbid
0.461936William E. BorahFederal anti-lynching legislationOppose the Wagner-Costigan federal anti-lynching bill as unconstitutional; attack party leaders who promise it
0.451932Herbert HooverEqual rights and opportunity for Black AmericansMaintain equal opportunity and rights for Negro citizens
0.441936Alf LandonNeutrality, arms embargoes and staying out of foreign warsPromote peace by all honorable means; no League, no World Court, no plan that could involve the U.S. in a war it had no part in beginning
0.441936Franklin D. RooseveltCivil service and patronageImmediately extend the merit system to all non-policy-making federal positions
0.431932Alfred E. SmithOverall role and scale of the federal governmentWar on any candidate who makes 'demagogic appeals to the masses' setting class against class
0.431936Alf LandonRight to organize and bargain collectivelyLabor's right to organize in any union it prefers, free from coercion by employer, fellow employee or anyone else; organizers' lawful activity protected
0.431932Norman ThomasEqual rights and opportunity for Black AmericansEconomic, political and legal equality for the Negro; a federal anti-lynching law; enforce the First Amendment
0.421932Herbert HooverRegulation of securities issuance and exchangesNo federal 'blue sky' law — securities regulation belongs to the states, and the President should not police booms
0.421932Norman ThomasNational ProhibitionRepeal the Eighteenth Amendment — the candidate preferring a binding national referendum
0.411932Herbert HooverRight to organize and bargain collectivelyCollective bargaining by representatives of the employees' own choice, 'without the interference of any one'
0.401932Newton D. BakerEuropean war debts and reparationsEntry into the World Court and cancellation of the war debts (the record that made him 'politically unpopular')
0.401936Frank KnoxAmending the Constitution to enlarge (or restrain) federal powerNew federal activities only when legalized by constitutional amendment -- 'the horse and buggy method'
0.401936Frank KnoxOverall role and scale of the federal governmentFair, honest, economical and efficient government; preserve free enterprise against 'amateur economic planners'
0.401936William LemkeMinimum wagesA 'living annual wage' -- $1,800 for a family of five -- by federal law and a constitutional amendment if necessary
0.391932Herbert HooverTariff levelsUnconditional most-favored-nation treatment; no reciprocal bargains or preferences
0.391932Herbert HooverAdherence to the World CourtJoin the World Court with reservations; make the Kellogg-Briand Pact an instrument for consultation — but no commitments to use force
0.381932Franklin D. RooseveltOverall role and scale of the federal governmentGovernment as a check on concentrated economic power — "individualism" redefined as equality of opportunity
0.381936Alf LandonRight to organize and bargain collectivelyGovernment as umpire and mediator; develop conciliation instead of rushing disputes to the President's doorstep
0.381932Newton D. BakerLeague of Nations and international organizationsDo not make the League of Nations a party issue; no entry until a majority of Americans approve
0.381936Alf LandonAntitrust and concentration of economic powerUse the full power of the federal government to break up private monopolies and enforce the antitrust laws 'without fear or favor'