Evening star (Washington, D.C.), April 14, 1932 (page 8)

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY.April 14, 19312 THEODORE W. NOYES_Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Shicago Office: Lake Michigan Building, uropean Office 14 Resent London, England. Rate by Carrier Within the City. The Evening Star.45c per month The Evening and Sunday Star 'when 4 Sundays! 60c per month The Evening and Sunday Star 'when 5 Sundays) 65r per month The Sunday Star .5c per copy Collection made at the end of each month. Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone NAtlonal 5000. Rate by Mai!--Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday.1 yr $10.00 1 mo 85c Daily only .1 yr.. *6.00: l mo 50c Sunday only.l yr., $4 00. 1 mo 40c Al! Other States and Canada. Daily and Sunday 1 yr.. $1? no 1 mo, $100 Dally only l yr, *8 no 1 mo t5c fiunday only .1 yr.. $5 00 1 mo.. 50c Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press Is exclusively entit'lrd to the use for republication of'* 11 news riis Ilatches credited to it or not other* ire cred ted in this paper and also the local news published herein All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also leserved Crippling the District. The nature of the District appro priation bill for the next fiscal year is best described in the report from the subcommittee which drafted it, as fol lows The committee recommends a Federal contribution of $6,500,000. which is $3,000,000 less thau the amount of such contribution for the current fiscal year and a like amount under the budget recommendations The action pr posed by the bill is in harmony with the recommendation of the Select Com mittee of the House appointed by the Speaker under authority of the Seventy-first Congress. The committee was advised that the estimates for 1933 for this bill, as sub mitted in the budget, would not result in expenditures to exceed the total in come for that fiscal year from a con tribution of $9,500,000 by the Federal Government, the present rate of taxa tion on real estate and personal prop erty and receipts from other sources. In other words, a balanced budget was submitted. In decreasing the amount of the Fed eral entribution from $9,500,000 to $6,500,000 the sum of $3,000,000 has been changed from a charge against the United States Treasury to a charge against the revenues of the District of Columbia. This change would have the effect of requiring the raising of additional revenue from District sources were it not fer the fact that the com mittee in the preparation of this bill has reduced the budget estimates of appropriations chargei.ble against the general revenues of the District by $3,800,000. With this decrease in ap propriations there will be sufficient income to meet the estimated expendi tures for 1933 and provide a small sur plus. The result is obvious. In order to make the income of the District "suf fiicient" after lopping $3,000,000 from the Federal appropriation, the commit tee has been forced to take drastic measures. It left scarcely a single item in the bill untouched, and every time it touched an item it cut the total. The District, tnereicre. iaccs a lean year. Practically all new construction work has been eliminated, including such projects as the branch library' for Georgetown, the first unit of the Mu nicipal Center group^ the P Street Bridge in connection ^vith the Rock Creek-Pctomac parkway, the New Hampshire avenue grade crossing, the widening of Constitution avenue from Sixth to North Capitol streets and about $800,000 worth of street and road improvements. The committee over looked no opportunity to save pennies. It even eliminated new shirts and neck ties for the firemen. It has placed the District on a basis that practically means mere maintenance. New construction work is limited to beginning work on the new Benning Bridge and less than a million and a half dollars for new schools. This being the Federal City, under exclusive control of Congress, the scale of its development depends altogether upon the will of Congress. Some of the cuts made by the committee are doubtless Justified by demand for economy. Butthe result speaks for itself. Heavily taxed as it is. the inability of the District to continue the development of the Capital as planned without generous support from the Federal Government becomes ap parent. The fault in this bill lies in the method of reducing the already inade quate lump sum substituted for the forty per cent fixed by unrepealed statute and in placing the brunt of the resulting burden on the shoulders of the unrepresented local taxpayer. Among the bill's legislative provisions this year is a prohibition against ac cepting out-of-town students in the Washington schools without the pay ment of tuition. The same prohibition has been attempted before, but without result. The out-of-town pupils are rep resented in Congress. The bill carries the usual House A propria*, ions Committee ban against automatic salary increases and the fill ing of taeancies. the fate of these pro hibitions, as written into other supply bills, new depending upon what action is taken by conferees on the agricul tural supply bill. In the case of the District the prohibition against filling vacancies would eeriously. and perhaps disastrously, affect the operation of ths school system, a matter that apparently left the subcommittee unconcerned. Stock market experts sr.y there Is no such thing as a bear raid; only great liquidation. Financial vision becomes a matter of concern when whit was mistaken for a bw.r proves to be only a sea serpent The Searchlight in Manchuria. Nrxt Sunday, April 17. the League of Nations' commission will arrive in Mukden at the outset of its investiga tion of the Japanese occupation of Manchuria. Headed by the Earl of Lytton of Great Bril'in and including Maj. Ceil. Frank F McCoy of the Lnited States Army, this board of neu trals e~s?y.<i to ferret cut. at a rather belated day. the origin of the contro versy which has g-iop d the world's attention since last September. On the eve of the commission's de parture from China proper it took a stand which indicates a purpose to hew to the line, let the chips fall where they may. Tie new state of Manchu kuo refuted to admit Dr. Wellington Koo as a Chinese "as-essor" attached to the League commission. China's one-time fr r.ign mini ter recently branded the Manchur.cn authorities who are now wearing J.i panes; livery ■s "rebels and puppets." Lord^J.ytton declared that the League investigators would go into Manchukuo with Mr. Koo. or not go in at all. The result was the decision of the Japanese government to overrule Man chukuo's decree of banishment. Toklo acted on the theory that Japan Is re sponsible "at present" for preservation of order In Manchuria and would, therefore, send troops with the League commission to assure its safety and that of Dr. Koo in particular. Tokio further explained that while it sympa thizes with "Manchukuo statesmen's" objections to Dr. Koo. Japan proposed the commission of Inquiry and has the corresponding duty of seeing that it obtains every facility for performing its j task. j After looking into the situation at Mukden. Kirin, Changchun. Harbin and Tsltsihar, covering a period from April 17 to May 13, the League probers will return to Peiping for formulation of their report. On its tenor presumably will depend the future attitude to be maintained by outside powers toward the State of Manchukuo. The points to be visited by the commission are those which Japan successively seized and occupied during the whirlwind military campaign in Manchuria, culminating with the province's "declaration of in dependence." The United States will await the commission's findings with keen inter est. The "Stimson doctrine" rests on j the thesis that the political and terri torlal changes now to be impartially j surveyed on the spot were brought about in violation of existing international I treaties The detailed circumstances by which the status of 200.000 square miles of China was altered by the I Japanese army is about to be dragged j into the glare of world publicity. The Maochukuo-Koo incident is a welcome sign that the League search light is to be turned on with full force. If the Japanese have as good a case in Manchuria as they have always claimed, j they have no reason to fear the most i pentrating scrutiny of their action, Mr. Smith Strips for Battle. Addressing the embattled Democracy of America last night on the occasion if its annual tribute to the founder of the party, in this city, its titular field marshal threw down tlie glove of challenge, not to the enemy but to his prospective successor as leader of the host. Such in effect was the situation when former Gov. Alfred E. Smith, candidate of his party in 1928 for the presidency, declared with fervent em phasis that he would "tr'.c off his coat and his vest' and fight to the "end against the nomination or a candidate for the nomination "who persists in any demogogic appeal to the masses of working people of this country to de j -'troy themselves by setting class against j class and rich against poor.'' This was an unmistakable reference to a recent tadio speech by Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt, now the leading aspirant for the Democratic nomination. It was an explicit exception to his own state ment, made a few' weeks ago, that while he would accept a nomination himself if it were tendered to him by the convention he would not be for or against any Candida e. Under the unwritten law of political organizations in this country, Mr. Smith is today the leader of his party, by' virtue of his nomination ror the presi dency in 1928. But that leadership i slipping from him as his former j friend and close political associate, the J present Governor of New' York, con tinues to gather delegates to the na tional convention at a rate to promise him the nomination at an early stage of the proceedings in Chicago. He got into the race himself tardily and with qualifications. He has had little support in the primaries held subsequent to his rather faltering announcement. The "stop Roosevelt'' movement has not been aided In any appreciable de gree by his action. It now remains to be seen whether his challenge of last night will have any effect upon the subsequent delegate selections. Pitting himself against the un named. but sufficiently identified "dem agogue," whose proposals for relief of the national distress he dismissed as inadequate and dangerous. Mr. Smith advanced three remedies. One was the writing of the tariff schedules by a commission independent of political in fluences. Another was a bond issue for public works--already proposed at the Jackson day dinner by himself and later assailed as a "stop g<p" by Gov. Roosevelt. A third was a twenty-year moratorium on war debts owing to the United States, with an annual applica tion to those debts of twenty-five per cent of the value of American goods bought by the debtor nations. These economic remedies will not at tract as much attention as the chal lenge flung at Gov. Roosevelt in respect j to his nomination. They are not likely, i indeed, to be seriously considered. The tariff commission plan is an old idea, discounted by the fact that the Consti tution tests the House of Rppresenta j lives with the sole power of origin ting j avenue measures. There is no novelty in the public works program through i immense borrowings of money. Tlv foreign debt prescription is unique, but iiut iinprrtsiv Taken altogether Mr. Smiths con tnbuticn to the J 'tierson day discussion not calculated to effect any particu* l"r refult at Chicago, and whether ii uli hate any effect in November re mains to be seen. It cannot, however b" oil! rwisc than heartening to the prospective Republican candidate. Budget balancing is not easily learned. The only balancing that ap pears to present no great difficulty v that of maintaining political equi lib: ium with a demijohn on one shoul der and the cld oaken bucket on the other. Tiansatlantic Airplane Service. The vision of a Traniatlantic com mercial airplane line over the northerr route, wil l the Zeppe'in a rship server' on the southern, seems to be near ing realizet on. Announcement hai Just be n n ade that the Pan-Ameri an Airways, operators of the vart United States-South American sen ice, ha: joined forces with the Tsan.americar Air Lines to develop an Arctic trans port route between this country anc Europe. The proposed course wild there two companies will seek to su' vry to the end that within a few years pas sengers and f eight may be carrre across the upper reaches of the Atlant.c will be by way of Canada, G.e nlend Iceland and the Faroe and Shetlant Islands. Although no equipment ha: been purchased, and no pilots are »e. lected for the undertaking, technics plans are well advanced and satlsfac- tory progress Is being made. I While the project Is still In Its Infancy. I it Is not unreasonable to suppose that If Insurmountable and unexpected ob stacles are not met. the line will be established within the next few years. The Pan-American Airways had Just as difficult a task In pioneering through South America, but with characteristic energy- and determination has brought forth a remarkable service extending from Miami to Buenos Aires. Weeks have been reduced to days from Florida southward If the traveler wishes to use sky transportation for the trip. Land lng fields have been established, beacons j installed and different types of air j planes adopted for the various change able conditions on the several hops nec essary to run from one end of the line to the other. Pan-American's aid to the Trans american in devising a safe and feasible European route will consequently be a valuable fai-tor in putting the new serv ice into operation, although much work lies ahead for the combined companies. Landing fields at strategic points must j be established, types of planes selected, j and one-huijdred-and-one technical de i tails Ironed out. In view, however, of the rapid spread of successful long distance air transport, both In this country and in Europe, there seems reason to believe that the traveler of i the not far distant future may sail through the clouds to his desination, i wherever it may be. I Questions involving a billion dollars j I are not easily handled by a nation which not many generations ago re garded $1,000 as sufficient capital to establish a business and $1,000,000 as the limit to reasonable aspirations of wealth. In spite of years of erudite discussion of public questions there are still many citizens who regard the ability to pick a winner at the race track as a demon stration of the highest possible intelli gence. If speculation can be eliminated from the New York Stock Exchange there may be a means of reducing the un certainty which attaches to horse rac ing Difference of opinion figures largely in both arenas of chance. Jefferson, when Democrats hold an oratorical assemblage, presents himself to admiring attention in a time when j the Father of His Country is being I celebrated as a man worthy to share the greatness of Washington himself. Unless the identified bank bills dis close the whereabouts of the Lindbergh child, the saying "Money talks" must be regretfully relegated to the list of punctured proverbs. There is no denying to Clarence Darrow credit for rescuing any proceed ing from the dullness of ordinary law i routine. No case is so interesting that he cannot make it more so. Suggestion by Mr. Hays that the talking films be used for educational purposes may compel the professor to 1 become something of a movie actor as I well as a scholar and a speaker. No fears need be entertained that the j radio will be a means of editing cam paign speeches. Remarks abruptly cur j tailed will be the more interesting when they appear in print. A habitual stock speculator would re gard what Is termed a bear raid merely as a general inclination to turn around ana bet the other way. Honolulu's crowded court room is a renewed evidence of a widespread tend I ency to mistake human sorrow for a form of entertainment. Pleas by Mayor Walker of New York in reference to the Mooney case may have impressed California authorities, but it did not stampede them. "Furlough" is not a very soothing 1 word. The familiar "vacation without pay" expresses the idea just as well. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON.

Sometimes the balmy breeze will rise, Sometimes the bitter wins will blow. This much at least we realize, We will not have to shovel snow. When Springtime brings a sad surprise, i And weeds instead of flowers grow, We say, our feelings to disguise, "At least we need not shovel snow." j It Is considered brave and wise To make an optimistic show. Each victim sighs when griefs arise, j "At least we need not shovel snow." If that dark path before us lies Which leads to an inferno's glow To all complaint each soul replies, "At least we need not shovel snow." Giving Up. "Doesn't this tax riddle sometimes make you feel like giving up?" "No." answered Senator Sorghum. i "My feelings don't matter What I want j to see is a cordial willingness on the I part of our citizens to give up." Jud Tunkins says revenge is no good Wall Streeters are calling for relief and still their old enemy the farmer is not happy. Perishable Products. Vanished are good intentions deemed So noble and so clever. Those New Year resolutions seemed Less durable than ever. i ._ i Cards. "Do the boys in Crimson Gulch still i fight over cards?" "Something terrible," answered Cactus Joe. "Poker was comparative quiet and friendly. But this game they call contract has star.ed a movement for general disarmament." "Our ancestors told us carefully what to say and do in each human emergency," said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown. "But no generation is con tent to be entirely made up of actors." Plain Old Mortgage Might Assist. Perhaps we woulu a o d regret If nations cou'.d take action By which, when any goes in d"bt. She ll mortgage the transaction. I "Nobody, said Uncle Eb?n, "kin be as good as his friends say Jfcir as bad as i his enemies think." THIS AND THAT HY CHARLES E. TRACER ELL. Thousands of persons who live in the National Capital are thinking at times of their old homes in the States and recalling the beauty spots of their younger days. It is interesting to hear how a former resident of nearbv Maryland, now in the South, looks back in the same way upon the District of Columbia, remembering with aflection some of the sights so commonplace to us all. Prom Orangeburg, S. C comes the following letter: "Dear Sir: When we moved from Maryland, just outside of Washington, to South Carolina last September The Star followed us down South. Since that time we have really appreciated it a great deal more than in the days at home, when, after a superficial glance at the headlines, it was tossed aside. "Now it is our old home news. Wash ington City has become dearer to us-- the doings of the people, the descrip tions of he* landscapes; for we can no longer take a bus and ride the eight miles or so from Maryland to the heart of the city. "I often see in memory Pennsylvania avenue, or F street, or perhaps the Cap itol Building lighted at night. Perhaps I see the lights of Potomac Park and the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, with Its eerie reflection In the Basin. T always did enjoy reading your col umn. 'This and That.' Now I enjoy it even more f, r I give more time to its perusal. Somehow, the little daily hap penings biing more joy to us than the big events t! at con e onlv occasionally. "I enjo\ed especially your article on the daily journey downtown and how you look for familiar landmarks each morning. How often I have done the same thing! "South Carolina surprises the new comer. My first glimpse of this State was very disappointing It seemed to me that there was nothing but un painted shacks and uncultivated acres along the highways--such a marked contrast to the fine painted houses and carefully tended lawns of Maryland and the District. "But, although grass does not grow abundantly down hpre and many houses are rude and unpaintrd. yet Carolina has its beauty spots that far surpass anything I have ever seen in Maryland. For instance, suddenly one will rorre up n a swampy section where tiie trees will be thickly draped with Spanish moss, making a picture almost like the ones we read of in childhood fairy lands. "In nearly even- tre»--that Is, the trees that shed their leaves In Winter thick clusters of mistletoe cling, and hollv trees thick with red berries are very common. The pines, too. are the most gorgeous I have ever seen any where. Their needles are often a foot long and the cones are enormous. The needles are the longest on the small shoots growing on the ground, some times looking like narrow clumps of glass. "In the Spring azaleas and wistaria transform the lawns Into riots of color, and right now the dogwood is coming into bloom everywhere. As one goes alonir the road, jasmine with numerous yellow bell-shaped flowers wi'l be found alongside of wild plum bushes and deep crimson honeysuckle (or I imagine that is what It is). "If you ever visit South Carolina, try to see Eutaw Springs, if you have never been there before. It Is beautiful. Sit uated in a private estate, one drives through a gateway and in mediately sees a grav monument telling of the battle of Eutaw Springs during the Revolu tion. "Trees everywhere are so thickly draped with mots that they look like gray hangings and ghostly fingers in stead of tree branches. There are many cedars here, and dogwood, too. After a short walk through these trees we find ourselves standing not on flat ground, as we supposed, tut on a hill overlooking a beautiful lake. "This lake Is formed bv many springs bubbling up from the bottom, and i~ so long that we cannot see the end. Bet. unlike ordinary lake-, which are smooth surfaces of rippling water, Eutaw SDrings Take has thick groves of cypress trees growing right ou* of the water. Boats wind in and out nmrg the trees The water Is so crystal clear that one sees the bottom of the lake everywhere. It is a sight that is not soon forgotten. I have been there twice already, and hope to visit it other.times before leav ing South Carolina. Very' sincerely yours. "M. O. B."

Readers here for the past nine years will recognize at once that the writer of the above interesting letter has struck upon on:' of our favorite, and perhaps endless, themes--that the small affairs of every-day life are in some ways of much more importance to a human be ing than the momentous events. Mostly this is true because there are so many of these small, every-day af iairs. Some one has said that God must love the common people because He made so many of them. The lesser events of everyday living tend to be come commonplace partly because we permit them to become so. Rightly considered, the daily life may be as full of a proper sort of excitement as the most vivid adventure of story. In Van Wyck Brooks' 'Life of Emer son," lust published, the story is told of one American who managed to find in teresting facts and fancies everywhere. The iaculty of Interest, which intro duces a proper sort of excitement into life where others profess to see only drabness and uneventfulness, is a gift perhaps, but it may be cultivated to auiue txieni. We stress "a proper sort of excite ment'' because there is much need in present-day life fey- a realization of things proper as measured by what has been sneeringly called "bourgeois moral ity." as contrasted with things im proper. There Is a class of persons today, espe cially among writers, which somehow aius to rr.a.e itself believe that noth ing--at least very little--of what went be.ore is worth keeping, and that any thing thought of today Is necessarily better by virtue of its modernity than anv thought of the past. They forget that today will be tomor row soon. and that this very "modern ism" on which they so pride themselves will be old-fashioned 10 or 20 years from now. This idea of the modern as something strictly fresh in the world is rather absurd. It rests solidly on the n""t, if onlv as a revulsion from the past, and will in Its turn become ante dated. It one throws overboard the best ideas of morality as fashioned by the men of ail civilized nations since the dawn of history one is dangerously close to finding himself in the unhappy situa tion of many of our strictly modern carpers who are great on criticizing but ha\e no adequate platforms of reform to oiler. These persons have their place, but one should not take them so seri ously as to question one's entire past on the strength of their pleas. A proper sort of excitement twith no apology offered for the "proper" part of the phrase, therefore i will come to those who are interested in life as they find It. not as they think it should be. or ought to be. or even might be. These ar left for social workers, reformers and dreamers--three necessary classes of human beings, each with their legiti mate functions to perform. The dream ers give mankind their Utopias, the .social workers strive to approach their dreams and the reformers attempt to make stable the gains thus won. The realist, how'ever. accepts things as they are. He combines something of the dreamer, of the reformer and of the social worker in his make-up. for he recognizes all that they s°e, and some times more. The difference is that he views life as a show of some sort, about \yhose meaning he is not clear, but con cerning whose supreme Interest he has no doubt at all. Because he has no axes to grind. In a special sense, he finds everything of interest--the small with the great, the exceptional with the unexceptional. He attempts to correct bv means of his intel'igcnce and will power the bore dome and ennui which usurps in the tinthinking the mind of the average human being when confronted by the same old thing in the same old wav. He is able, therefore, to find some thing of interest In the daily life, whether it appeals to others as interest ing or not. Thev should remember that the realist is able to find interest where ti e" do not because he has a special way of regarding life. He has a method, an.! his interest is its reward. Such a person, having read our correspon dent's description of Eutaw Springs, will feel that he has been there, but h« will not fail to see the beauty of Rock Creek on his way home in the evening. Highlights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Ollier l ands IRISH INDEPENDENT. Dublin--The present ascendency ot the cinema strikes G. K. Chesterton as an indication cf a decadence com parable to that which marked the twilight of the Roman Empire. Sp ak ing at a meeting in London under the au.picrs of the People's National Th" aler movement, Mr Chesterton declared that the end of Latin civilization co me ded more or less with the extinction of the drama anti the rise of "the vu'gar, greasy, melodrama'ic spectacle" to which he suggested and with some truth, it must be admitted--u g.est deal of modern cinema fare is damnably akin. The drama, he said, reborn again from heaven with the medieval miracle plays, had now sunk to its lowest depth; in the sentimental pagan product ons oi Hollywood, and with the z al of th> re former G. K C. would apparently be prepared to favor th extermination, root and branch, of cinema entertain ment. To him th° modern scientific art cf the cinema has broken up man." putting him in parts before his audience, and this in itself would so"m to provide Mr. Chesterton with sufficient grunds upon which to make his abolitionist de mands. New Plan Needed in Chinese Libraries. Yenching Gazette. Cliengfu.--In th? lib ary of the old Palare Museum in Peking alone there ar more than 280 000 volumes. Most of this number of volumes is ancient literature, copies oi some of which duplicat >s cannot be found. That the set ral rooms and buildings in which this group of treas ured books are housei at present is s fe storage is a question What may be suggested is that the Palat e Musnim Library and other libraries in Peiping should exchange index cards of rare volumes in their possession so that patrons of the various libraries misht be directed to sources of knowledge, found in rare volumes--volumes such as are to be found in limited numbers. Peiping is becoming a center of cul ture and educational developments. Here is located more than one-third oi the registered universities and colleges: of higher standing in China. There should be some way by which the books in the several libraries in the city may be accessible to all.

Train Tragedy Arouses Ecuadoreans. El Telegrafo. Guayaquil--A dolorous and disgraceful incident was registered lose night at Fuente L'moi, tn the lin-' of "Ferrocarril d 1 Sur." The night lrein, proceeding from Eucav, destroyed the right leg of th? dry laborer, Teofilo Oraonez of Rocafuerle, 18 years old, who was Just going to his labors. Ordonez, who now finds himself lodged in the Hospital General San Miguel ward, bed No. 13, related to cur paper the following acrount: "I was going from Rocafuerte to Puente Limcn on fact, to ded cate my self of my usual occupation as a worker in the lumber yard at Puente Limon Passing the station not far from mv home. I saw the train waiting and thought I would get on ft and hide In some corner to save walking such a long distance. Before I could do this, j however, the foreign conductor came -----.--I along, and asked me for my ticket, r tf id him I didn t have any. and then in a manner most passionate and brutal, and while the train was in mo tion. he ga' e me a violent push, caus ing me to fall between two of the ca^-s and across the raiLs. The wheels passed over my right leg and mangled St "You cannot imagine the shock and the terrible hemorrhage. There I re mained. mercifully soon deprived of consciousness, left to my destiny while the train continued on its wav gn hour after this dreadful event there passed along the way a hand-ear The crew, whose names I do not know picked me up and ce.rried me to the Eloy Alfaro station, and from there b train to this city, where I was lodged in this hospital. I had only a short distance yet to go to the piare where I work when the conductor attacked mn so savagely, dragging me to the door and threw.ng me from the car with cruel impiety.'' Ordonez arrived at the hospital at 8:30 yesterday morning and Dr. Mal danado Caibo immediately amputated the hopelessly mutilated member. JI> reports the patient's condition gray for Ordonez sustained, besides severe bruises to In head and other part-; of hi be When our repre-entative iTr f arrived at the bed of suffering its oc cupant was in a state of complete un consciousness. but regaining his senses soon afterward, the victim gave us the version of the circumstance; which v.e have herein transcribed. Ordonez is a native of Chunelii. The authorities must certainly inves tigate this crime and Inflict condign punishment. Even if a man is trying to ride on a train without naving hi' fare he should not b" placed in rno ardv of 1 fe or limb when detected bv the conductor. There should be no thought of impunity for this conductor, for h!s action was entirely unjustified, even had there not been this grievous consequence. Whether native or a for eigner, his deed must be heavily esc ninted. The cry for justice must be heard. W 3fK Alfonso Fears Disease in Family. El Sol, Madrid.--Don Alfonso, it Is reported from Paris, has finally con sented to the marriages of two of his children. Dona Beatrix ar.d Dona Christina. They are engaged to twe brothers, Senors Alvaro and Alonso, former princes of the Asturias, who are now study engineering in the University of Zurich. Tlie wedding of Dona Beatrix will probably take place in June. She and her sister. Dona Christina, have already completed a series of inocula tions against haemaphilia. or the hereditary tendency to dangerous hem orrhages from slight wounds. Don Alfonso, it is said, would not give his consent to the nuptials until assured by medical science no possibility still existed of his daughters transmitting this grave abnormality to his posteritv. Don Alfonso dc Borbon insists how ever, that the treatment be repeated at prescribed Intervals to prevent a return of the condition. The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. I Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt's presi- dential bandwagon continues to flatten out other candidates for the Democratic nomination. Today out in Michigan i the Democratic State Convention is' expected to elect a Roosevelt delegation to the Democratic National Convention, Earlier in the week, as was expected, the Kentucky Democratic State Con vention instructed the Kentucky dele gates for Roosevelt, and on Tuesday in Nebraska's primary, Roosevelt bowled over the opposition by about 2 to 1. His opponents in the primary were Speaker John N. Gamer and Gov. Alfalfa Bill Murray of Oklahoma. 1 Apparently neither the Speaker nor Gov. Murray had much appeal to the voters of Nebraska, for Roosevelt re- i ceived almost twice as many votes as Garner and Murray combined.

It is the reports from the primary States which have given Roosevelt's presidential boom so much impetus. For the voters are the people after all who must elect a President next No- vember. The demonstration of strength which the New York Governor has given before the actual electorate in 1 the various States holding primaries has been impressive to say the least. In less than two weeks primaries are to be held in Pennsylvania and Massa chusetts. w here Roosevelt is opposed by A1 Smith, who last night at the Jeffer son day dinner here declared he would take off his coat and vest and fight to a finish to prevent Roosevelt'.- nomina tion. Smith did not use Roosevelt's name, but every one realized that the standard bearer of 1928 was referring to the New York Governor in the at tack he delivered against a candidate who was making demagogic appeals to j the masses. Roosevelt supporters in Pennsylvania including Jo Guffey, former'Demo cratic national committee man, who was here for the Jefferson day celebration yesterday, say that it is all over but the shouting in the Keystone State They insist that 42 of Pennsylvania's delegates are already in Roosevelt's bag. 1 since those pledged to support Roose i velt running the districts indicated are without opposition. In some of these districts there are contests for delegate. but both sides, it is said, are supporting Roosevelt. Guffey Is claiming 66 dele gates. James M. Farley, State Demo cratic chairman in New York and a manager of the Roosevelt preconvention campaign, said last night that he was confident Roosevelt would have no less than 60 of the Pennsylvania delegates i and that he probably would have more. Mr. Farley said, too, he had been in formed by Mayor James M. Curley of Boston, who with Cov. Roosevelt's son. James Roosevelt, is l-ading the fight for delegates in Massachusetts, that Roosevelt would "get a majority of the delegates" in the Bay State. This is vigorously denied by the Smith people, who look to Senator David I. Walsh, i Senator Marcus A. Coolidge and Gov. Ely to carry the State for Smith. From ether and more impartial sources in Massachusetts come reparts that "al most anything may happen." although on paper it looks as though the Smith forces would triumph, with only a I scattering of delegates for Roosevelt I chosen.

Should Roosevelt clean up in Penn sly varia. as it seems likely he will, and should he break even in Massachusetts, it would look to be all over so far as the presidential nomination is con I cernej in the Democratic National Con vention. Most of the Democrats now are climbing aboard the Roosevelt bandwagon, and the efforts of the anti Roosevelt group are unavailing, ft is a terribly difficult thing to stop a band wagon movement. Frank Hague, the Democratic bocs of New Jersey, cne ci the leaders in the anti-Roosevelt camp, is still moving heaven and eirth to call a halt in the Roosevelt stampede. If the finest Smith move, a declaration to tight Roosevelt to a fini.'h ns a d»m gugup. makes little impression in Dem o-rat ic ranks, it locks as though the j fight were all but over, however.

The progressive steps of A1 Smith in i his opposition to the Roosevelt can didacy are interesting. At the first, i Smith was silent as a sphinx. No cne i knew whether he would be a candidate himself or whether he would come out i for Roosevelt, who had supported him in two preconvention presidential cam paigns. Many thought that out of I gratitude to Roosevelt. Smith would eventually get behind his candidacy this year. This period of silence went on for months. Then in February tame Smith's declaration that h# was a recep tive candidate for the r.cm.netion him se'f, but that he would not make a i campaign for delegates and would net j favor or oppose any other candidate. Even then there wxre those who believed that finally he would throw his support I io Roosevelt. He visited Roosevelt and talked with him for an hour immediate j ly afier he had made his statement. I Then came Smith's defeat in the primaries in New Hampshire, followed 1 defeats in the State conventions of Minnesota. Iowa and other States, and then in the Wisconsin primary. If Mr. Smith ever had any idea of sup porting Roosevelt these successive de feats seem to have eradicated that idea. And finally iast night at the Je»Terson cay dinner, Smith announced m light.ng tones that he would make an exception to his rule not to eppese any other candidate in the preconven t.on campaign. That exception is Rcosevclt. So ends, it seems, an old poli.ical friendship of yra.s standing. What it will mean for the Democratic party next November is ano.hcr matter, hreoabh nothing could cheer the Re publicans more.

A1 Smith has plenty of courage. W.'.ai. other Democratic candidate for the presidential nomination today would have made the speech he did last night in favor of a 20-year mora torium of the debts owed the United States by foreign nations, with remis s.on of those debts according to the amount and value of goods they pur cuascd from this country in tiie in terim v The answer is not one would have dared to make such a proposal. Pc. haps some may take up the idea now mat Smith has advanced it, al though there seems small likelihood. Newton D. Baker of Ohio, an advocate in the past oi cancellation oi the World War debts, might come forward in sup port of the Smith proposal, but he seems to be the only one. Even Mr. Baser, sensing the opposition to inter nationalism in this country today, not long ago backed away from his m iitcnce that the Uijitcd States join the a rue of Nations, at the ihc-a who wish him to be nominated fer President on the Democratic ticket. Yesterday at the tomb of Woodrow Wilson, whose Secretary of War lie was, Mr. Baker delivered an eloquent ad dress. declaring that Wilson'., ideas, presumably including the League of Nations, were marching on to eventual victory. But Baker lost cast with a lot cf Democrats when he seemingly drew away from his support of the entry of the United States into the League and said that he would not think of proposing such entry until a majority of the people of America fa vored it.

Tiie Illinois primal y on Tuesday btougut back into the spotlight former Co Len Small, who a few years ago appeared to oe a dead e'eg, politically. He has apparently won the Republican nomination lor Governor with the sup port of "Big Bill" Thompson, who he.:, ;ought to stage a comeback in Chicago. The Republicans have been much de moralized in Illinois, with corstaut intraparty contests, and hit hard bv the prohibition issue. The Democrat have nominated Judge Henry Horner fo- Governor and many Republicans will prefer Horner to Thompson on f'.ection day. Senator Glenn came through the primary, defeating handily iiis Progressive opponent. Jenk.ns. Pres- 1 ident Hoover will have the Il!ino.s deie "atiem at the national convention, al though he did not enter the presidential preferential p-tmary, which went to for mer Senator France, a m''eninglcss af fair. since France has no delegates. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BV FREDERIC J. HASKIN. This newspaper puts at your disposal a corps of trained researchers in Wash ington who will answer questions for you. They have access to the Govern ment departments, the libraries, gal leries and public buildings, and to the numerous associations which maintain headquarters in the Nation's Capital. It they can be of assistance to you. write vour question plainly and send with 2 cents in coin or stamps to Th Evening Star Information Bureau, Fraieric J. Haskin, Director. Wash ington, D. C. Q. Has there been a big increase in the amount of money spent for char ity?--J. L. S. A. In December, 1931, it was esti mated that an increase cf nearly 200 per cent in public and private relief expenditures had resulted from the de pression. Q Since the formation of ttie Re publican party how many Democrats have been President?--K. L. A. The first Republican candidate. John C. Fremont, was defeated in 18 .6 by James Buchanan, a Democrat. Since then, only two Democrats have been President. Grover Cleveland and Wood row Wilson. Q. Are any persons now living who took part in the Brook Farm experi ment?--H. S. A. Maj. S. W'illard Saxton of Wash ington. b. C., is the only living mem ber of that community. He is now 102 years old. Q At what time during the day does the sun give eff the most ultra-violet rays?--H. T. L. A In general it may be said that the greatest amount of ultra-violet radi ation occurs when th? sun is highest m the heavens. The ultra-violet rays of the sun vary daily, seasonally and geographically. The radiation condi tions are also modified owing to the selective reflection cf surrounding sur faces. O How large a single fee has been paid to a physician?--M. J. A. One of the largest single fees ever paid a physician was that paid by Catherine of Russia. The fee paid to a physician to inoculate Catherine and her son against smallpox was $50,000. an additional sum of $10,000 was al lowed for traveling expenses and the physician was granted $2,500 as an an nual pension for life. Q. What has become of the private library of the late President Roosevelt? --B. A. A It is still preserved in his home. Sagamore Hill. Oyster Bay, N. Y. Q How is the boundary between the United States and Canada marked?-- A. H. A The boundary is 5.500 miles in length, of which 3.100 miles are land boundary and 2,400 miles are water boundary. The land boundary is marked by 5.403 monuments and a vista cut through the woods in a'l forest-ccv ered areas; th" water boundary is iden tified by 2,530 reference marks. Q Can an Englishman come over here, be naturalized, then return to England and be a British subject again''--S. G. A. A British subject who has be come an American citizen by naturali zation may return to his native land and after a residence there of five years may again become a British citizen by naturalization. Q What is the earliest card game known?--S. C. O. A. The earliest recorded card game is a Venetian game played with the tarochi cards and named after them. Another game popular in the seven teenth century was ombre. Q How' large is Rhode Island?--H. T. A The extreme length of the State from north to south is 48 miles and the extreme width from east to west is 36 miles. The area is 1,248 square miles, of which 1,067 square miles are land surface. Q. How long can tea be kept by the housewife?--T. W. A. Food Purchasing in the Home says that tea should not be kept more than nine months or a year. Q. Is it against the law to wash or mend an American flag?--J. M. A. The United States flag may be laundered and may be sewn If tom. However, if it Is in a bad condition so that it will not be a credit to its owner if displayed, it should be decently de stroyed. preferably by burning. Q What are Persian shawls?--M. G. A. Strictly speaking, a Persian shawl is one which is woven of the native wools of Persia, dyed with the native vegetable colorings and woven on the native hand looms. Paisley shawls are reproductions of these native shawls and given their title from the fact that many of the finest and best were made in Paisley, Scotland, which for a great many years conducted an enormous business in this commodity. Q Where is Gypsy Smith, sr„ living? --E. S M. A. Hus correct name Is Rodney Smith and he lives in Cambridge. England. Q How was the early Atlantic cable made?--B. W. A. The early Atlantic submarine cable as devised by Cyrus Field was composed of seven copper wires en cased in gutta percha. which was sur rounded by a covering of hemp satur ated with oil. pitch, and beeswax. The whole was protected by an outer sheath of 18 strands of seven wires each. Q Is it true that Negro slaves were not permitted any education?--S. P. B. A. On the contrary, many of the large slave holders of the South, particularly of Virginia, took much pains to in struct their slaves in religious matters and in the rudiments of education. The first public schooLs for Indians and Negroes were established in Virginia in 1620. and in 1704. Elias Neau. estab lished schools for Indians and Negro slaves in New York City. In 1763 a manual labor school for Indians and Negroes was established in Hyde County, N. C. Q What is the pronunciation of the word "acclimated"?---E. G. H. A. There is but one correct pro nunciation of the word. It is with the accent on the second syllable. Q. Will coral grow in fresh water?-- H. S. B A. Coral animalicules are essentially salt water animals and would not thrive in fresh water. Q At what age does a cow produce the maximum amount of milk?--M. K. A. A cow matures in milk produc tion in six years and produces the maximum amount of milk in from 6 to 10 years. A cow in gcvd health may live 15 or 20 years, or evei. longer, but her usefulness usually begifis to wane when she passes the age of 12 ox 13. Q. Are Army. Navy' or Marine Corps men eligible for Carnegie Medals for deeds of heroism?--J. A. A. Members of the armed forces of the United States are not included among those to whom the hero fund applies. Mr. Carnegie, in his deed of trust, specifically limited the applica tion of the fund to "those following peaceful vocations." Q What has the per capita sugar consumption been for the past three years?--M. G. A. In 1929 it was 108.13 pounds, in 1930 it was 99 37 pounds, and in 1931 it was 98.47 pound.?. Q What is the National Probation Association?--L. B. A It is an association made up of juvenile court judge?, probation offi cers, psychiatrists, criminologists and others Interested in the treatment and prevention of crime in the United States. Q. Is there a jail in the Vatican City?--R. B A. One is being planned, as since the Lateran' treaty of 1929. the city has had the right to try and incarcer ate persons guilty of committing crimes within its territory. Q. What elements are present in air, especially at some distance from earth? --P. L. S. A The upper atmosphere is believed to be made up of light gases, mostly hydrogen and a small amount of helium The lower portion of the the air is about 3 4 nitrogen, oxygen, h small qurniitiss of water vapor, carbon dioxide and argon. Philippine Independence iewed T\ ith Skepticism Action by the national House of Representatives in favor of Philippine independence in eight years is ap plauded by a few. but the majority of press comment expresses doubt that further proceedings will result in adop tion of the present measure. Some believe that the time is too short, while others question the wisdom of action that may be based on the ques tions of immigration and competition with American producers. "It is something to rejoice over.'' thinks the Birmingham Age-Herald, "that at long last the United States seems to be ready, not merely to make its pledged word good, but to make its actions square with its professions as a democracy." The Omaha World Herald b"lievcs that "national honor end national self-interest alike de mand this action.'' and argues: "From our own viewpoint possession of the Philippine Islands has been a liability, not an asset. It has entailed a heavy expense. The Islands are an extremity vulnerable point in the event of war. with the ever present possibility that their ownership might involve us in war not of our choosing. Under the American fiag their competition to our hard-pressed dairying and farming end sugar interests is a source of constant domestic loss and vexation The un restricted immigration of their labor to cur shores adds to th seriousness of cur unemployment problem." "A sane view of our national inter est." declares the Cincinnati Times Star, "calls for Philippine independence at an early oate. If the Filipinos them selves were calling for continued pro tection, it would be difficult to let the islands go. But apparently most of the Filipinos want independence. That be ing the case, the common sense thing would be to let them have it." Quoting Secretary Stimson's statement that withdrawal "would result in economic chaos aid political anarchy." the Rochester Times-Union, nevertheless, comments: "That the Filipinos them selves. despite threat of loss of tariff pri\ ileges. desoite the perils Secretary St'mson predicts, are almcst unani mously for independence, is a strong r'rra for granting it. We might, in deed. make a somewhat mere generous offer than is embodied in the Hare bill

Suspecting that the action "surprises manv Am leans and the Filipinos themsel.es," the New Orleans Times Picavune says: "The Senate has a bill of its own which would lengthen the term of probation and postpone the attainment of complete independence. Others of its provisions differ from those carried In the House measure. Feasibly a conflict between th? two Houses'o\er th? tfrms of the grant may prevent its enactment at this session. But the emphatic expression by the Hous? ma'.-r Philippine independence a very live issue indeed end :n i'rtes that before very much longer the prem ise of Philippine liberty, solemnly is sued more tiffin a quarter century ago, may reach fulfillment." I As a possible obstacle the Lexington T e ,.olc; tnct "L is iar from certain that Congress has the power to alienate the Philippines by any act of law. as the islands are as rr.urh a part of the terri tory of th" United States as Is Texas." Tie Baltimore Evening Sun advises: "The truth is. every argument advanced on either side of an apparent basis of patriotism and principle is rendered suspect by the existence of economic in terests that think they will be advanced or retarded by the grant cf indepen dence. Since this is true, clarity and candor would have been served had the House frrnk y abandoned all the breast beating and the whooping about the destinies cf 13.000.000 people and had taken Instead a siraightout vote on whether turning the islands loose will be good business or bad business. On that issue the votes of a great many mem bers turned, and it would have been better had they avowed their real in terest." That the time fixed for preparation is too short is contended by the San Francisco Chronicle and the Newark Evening News. The Fort Wayne News Srnur.el predicts "eight years of politi cal turmoil and then economic disaster," while tne Minneapolis Journal observes that "the aaministration appears to be firmly set against the scheme of giving a oh.;: eg eight years of turmoil and chaos, to b> followed by oblivion." Doubt as to ultimate passage is ex pressed by the Spokane Spokesman Review. Advance indications." according to th? la.i Worth Star-Telegram, "are that the House vote will have gone for naught, m spite of the fact of sugar, suger beets end Cuban cane field Inter ests in the Senate, it comes more nearly being an administration group that the Democratic majoritied Hcuse. A two thirds vote in favor of Fiiipino paranoia seems highlv improbable. But the idea of giving them a 10 per cent indepen dence a year for 10 r ears might Intrigue some in the Senate." Charging that the bill "was Intended to be a stampede, a scuttle, from the Philippines at the behest of interests which regard themselves as unfavorably ifiected by Philippine imports," the Bos ton Transcript states: "Administrative salety, the Nation's duty and responsi bility. respect for the judgment of all the soundest and best observers, and the future peace and welfare of the Philip pine Islands are all violated. The House by a snap vote, without adequate dis cussion. turns a derf ear to the advice and conclusions of President Hoover, Secretary of Slate Stimson, Secretary of War Hurley and the whole weight of the testimony before the Insular Committee of representative American residents in the islands "Two groups," remarks the Schenec tady Gazette, "are ready to cast the Philippines overboard at a moment s no tice One consists of those who wish us to confine our possessions to the main land of this continent; the other consists of ones interested in such things as the sii"ar industry, who hope by excluding the Philippine product to b: able to raise their prices. Elimination of com petition and restriction of outp ;t is their sole concern." The St. Lcuis .lines ad vises that' "the pulli-g cov. i cf the Amcri an fl3g over mi h^ns cf industri ous people is in itself a rcaiocsicillty th-'t shcul l not be disposed of by pass ing an independence bill in holiday spirit."